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No puedo pagar mis deudas, ¿qué hago?

no-puedo-pagar-mis-deudas

El pago de deudas es una cuestión que preocupa a la mayor parte de la sociedad. Por eso en este artículo te hablamos de una serie de estrategias que te permitirán afrontar tus deudas con más facilidad, ¡no te las pierdas!

1. Cómo saldar tus deudas

Si tus deudas te están suponiendo un problema porque con tus ingresos te cuesta pagarlas, tienes opciones para hacerles frente con más facilidad. Algunas de las principales son:

  • La reunificación de deuda.
  • Le Ley de la Segunda Oportunidad.
  • Métodos de planificación financiera como la estrategia de la Bola de Nieve.

También puedes poner en marcha algunos consejos que te facilitarán el pago de tus deudas. Lo vemos todo en los siguientes apartados.

2. Reunificación de la deuda

como-pagar-mis-deudas-si-no-tengo-dinero

La reunificación de deudas consiste en que todos los préstamos e hipotecas se agrupen en un único préstamo. Es decir, si reunificas tus deudas tan solo pagas una cuota al mes, que siempre es menor que lo que pagabas antes al sumar las cuotas de todas tus deudas.

La reunificación de deudas consiste en agrupar todos los préstamos e hipotecas en un solo préstamo.

De este modo, no solo tienes que pagar menos cada mes, sino que controlas mejor tus finanzas ya que tan solo tienes que hacer frente a un único pago. Si optas por esta estrategia, lo recomendable es que la dejes en manos de expertos, ya que el proceso de reunificación de deudas puede ser un poco complejo y además, ellos saben cuál es la mejor forma de hacerlo.

¿Qué deudas se pueden reunificar?

Podrás reunificar todos tus préstamos y créditos al consumo, incluyendo las tarjetas de crédito.

3. Ley de la Segunda Oportunidad

La Ley de la Segunda Oportunidad da la posibilidad de que particulares y autónomos solucionen sus problemas financieros y a su vez, sus acreedores no salgan perjudicados. El mecanismo de la Segunda Oportunidad se articula en dos opciones distintas:

  • Renegociar las deudas.
  • Exonerarse de parte de ellas.

Requisitos de la Ley de Segunda Oportunidad

La Ley de la Segunda Oportunidad tiene muy en cuenta el historial de crédito del deudor, pero además le exige los siguientes requisitos

  • No tener ninguna condena por ningún delito de tipo económico ni social.
  • Actuar de buena fe.
  • No ser objeto de ningún concurso culpable.
  • No haber sido beneficiario de la exoneración de pago a lo largo de los últimos diez años.
  • Tener pagados los créditos contra la masa y los privilegiados.
  • Haber pagado el 25% de los créditos ordinarios. Este requisito puede no exigirse si se puede demostrar que se intentó pagar las deudas.
  • Que las deudas no superen los 5 millones de euros.

4. Método Bola de Nieve

El Método Bola de Nieve consiste en una estrategia planteada por Dave Ramsey, un empresario de Estados Unidos, para ir eliminando las deudas personales. Se trata de cancelar primero la deuda más pequeña, pagando el mínimo en el resto de deudas. Tras deshacerse de esa deuda más pequeña, se va a por la siguiente de menor tamaño, y así hasta finalizar con todas.

Desde el punto de vista financiero no parece una fórmula muy sensata, ya que lo ideal es terminar en primer lugar con aquella deuda que tiene más intereses, porque la deuda global crecerá menos con el tiempo y tú utilizarás tu dinero de manera más eficiente.

Pero la estrategia de la Bola de Nieve en realidad sí es eficaz, pero lo es por razones psicológicas relacionadas con el comportamiento humano. Al terminar con una deuda rápidamente, queda más efectivo para afrontar la siguiente, y cada deuda que se salda es una buena dosis de motivación para continuar saldando deudas.

Si en primer lugar te ocuparas de la deuda con más intereses, y esta resultara ser la más grande además, tu imposibilidad para terminar con ella rápidamente te desmotivaría. De ahí que el Método de la Bola de Nieve sí funcione.

5. Otros consejos

Los siguientes consejos también te pueden ayudar a saldar tus deudas:

  • Lleva una planificación de tus gastos. Conocer al detalle lo que gastas te permite controlar mejor tu situación financiera en general, y por lo tanto, tener mayor control sobre tus deudas.
  • No te dejes tentar por las compras a plazos. Una vez que descubres la facilidad de pagar tus compras a plazos, es fácil caer en la tentación. Pero esto no hará más que añadir letras a las deudas que ya tienes que pagar cada mes. Es importante resistirse, para pagar las compras por adelantado y así no adquirir más deudas.
  • Presta especial atención a los «pequeños caprichos». Hay gastos del día a día que parecen insignificantes pero que en suma, adquieren relevancia. Por ejemplo, tomar el café en un bar cada día puede parecer poca cosa para tu economía, pero si sumas al final del mes, te encuentras prácticamente con una letra. Y si ahorraras ese dinero durante un tiempo, quizás pudieras quitarte una deuda entera.
  • Cuidado con las tarjetas de crédito. Pagar sin la sensación de «pagar realmente» es más tentador que hacerlo con dinero en efectivo. De ahí el peligro de utilizar constantemente la tarjeta de crédito. Es mejor que retires cada mes el dinero del que realmente dispones (una vez descontados todos los pagos del mes, por supuesto) y que vayas empleando ese dinero siempre que puedas.

Más información

No dudes en consultar también la información que encontrarás a continuación, ¡puede resultarte muy útil!

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