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Qué es el SOVI

que es el sovi

Podrán tramitar el Seguro Obligatorio de Vejez e Invalidez, conocido con las siglas SOVI, aquellas personas que no tengan derecho a una pensión de la Seguridad Social. Te mostramos los requisitos necesarios y cómo debe tramitarse.

1. ¿Qué es el SOVI?

El conocido como SOVI es el Seguro Obligatorio de Vejez e Invalidez.

Es un seguro que reconoce el derecho a percibir pensiones de vejez, invalidez y viudedad a las personas que cumplan con los requisitos exigidos para ello y que no tengan derecho a cobrar una pensión de la Seguridad Social, exceptuando las pensiones de viudedad que sí podrán cobrarlas.

Este seguro no tiene fecha de finalización, es para toda la vida y la cantidad a cobrar es fija

Se reconoce este derecho para beneficiar a las personas por las cotizaciones que realizaron al antiguo Seguro de Vejez e Invalidez o por haberse afiliado al Retiro Obrero.

2. ¿Quiénes pueden cobrarlo?

Podrán cobrar el SOVI las personas que reúnan los requisitos establecidos en relación a cada clase de pensión.

3. Requisitos

El principal requisito es no tener derecho a cobrar una pensión de la Seguridad Social, excepto si se trata de una pensión de viudedad, ya que su cobro sí es compatible con el del SOVI.

Además, dependiendo del tipo de prestación que se pretenda cobrar deberán reunirse los siguientes requisitos:

Pensión de vejez

  1. Haber cumplido 65 años o 60 en el caso de vejez por incapacidad.
  2. Tener cotizados 1800 días antes del 1 de enero de 1967 o afiliación al Retiro Obrero.

Pensión de invalidez

  1. Haber cumplido 50 años y estar incapacitado de forma permanente para el trabajo.
  2. Tener cotizados 1800 días al SOVI.

Pensión de viudedad

Los requisitos que se exigen van a depender de la fecha en la que falleció el causante (la persona que al fallecer da lugar a su pareja a cobrar la pensión) y de si era o no pensionista.

4. Cuantías

La cuantía varía en función de si el solicitante está percibiendo o no otras prestaciones:

  1. Si no cobra otras pensiones: recibirá 405,90 euros al mes.
  2. Si cobra otras pensiones: recibirá 394,20 euros al mes.

Cuando una persona cobre la pensión de viudedad y la del SOVI, la suma de ambas no podrá ser superior al doble de la pensión mínima de viudedad que esté establecida para los mayores de 65 años en ese momento. En el caso de que se supere ese límite, se disminuirá la cuantía de la pensión del SOVI hasta que no exceda el límite indicado.

5. Solicitud

A. Cómo se solicita

Para solicitar el SOVI tendremos que rellenar el modelo de solicitud de la pensión de jubilación, invalidez o viudedad.

Junto con ella, tendremos que entregar la documentación que nos detallen en el Modelo de Solicitud de jubilación, de invalidez o de viudedad. En el caso de los trabajadores del mar, los modelos de solicitud serán los siguientes:

B. Dónde se solicita

La solicitud junto con la documentación requerida la tendremos que presentar en cualquiera de los Centros de Atención e Información del Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social (INSS) o bien en las direcciones provinciales o locales del Instituto Social de la Marina (ISM) en el caso de los trabajadores del mar. Localiza aquí tu Oficina.

Tanto la gestión como el reconocimiento a cobrar estas prestaciones corresponde al INSS o al ISM, dependiendo de cada caso.

C. Cuándo se solicita y cuando comienza el pago

Pensión de vejez

En el caso de una pensión de vejez, tendremos dos posibilidades:

  1. Si la solicitud se presenta dentro de los 30 días siguientes a que se cumplan los 65 años, se tendrá derecho a cobrar a partir del día siguiente al que se haya cumplido esa edad.
  2. Si la solicitud se presenta más tarde, se tendrá derecho a cobrar a partir del primer día del mes siguiente a aquél en  que se haya presentado.

Pensión de invalidez

Si es una pensión de invalidez, se tendrá derecho a cobrar a partir del primer día del mes siguiente a aquél en que se haya presentado.

Pensión de viudedad

Si se trata de una pensión de viudedad, de nuevo tendremos dos posibilidades:

  1. Si el causante no fuera pensionista y se presentara la solicitud dentro del año siguiente al fallecimiento, se pagará desde el primer día del mes siguiente al del fallecimiento. Si se presentara fuera del año siguiente al fallecimiento, se pagará la cantidad que corresponda al año anterior a la solicitud.
  2. Si el causante fuera pensionista y se presentara la solicitud dentro de los 3 meses siguientes al fallecimiento, se pagará desde el primer día del mes siguiente al del fallecimiento. Si se presentara fuera de los 3 meses siguientes al fallecimiento, se pagarán los importes de las 3 mensualidades anteriores a la solicitud.

El pago se realiza mensualmente junto con dos pagas extraordinarias que se pagan con las mensualidades de junio y noviembre.

6. Resolución

Las pensiones del SOVI deberán resolverse y notificarse a quienes las solicitan en los siguientes plazos:

  1. Si se trata de una pensión de vejez o de viudedad: el plazo será de 90 días.
  2. Si se trata de una pensión de invalidez: el plazo será de 135 días.

7. Incompatibilidades

Las pensiones del SOVI serán incompatibles en los siguientes casos:

  • Entre sí (no podrá cobrarse más de una).
  • También lo podrán ser con otras pensiones, excepto la pensión de viudedad que sí podrá cobrarse conjuntamente.
  • Con el trabajo.

Ahora bien, quienes se beneficien de estas pensiones podrán optar por cobrar la que más les interese.

8. Extinción de la pensión

Las pensiones del SOVI se extinguen en los siguientes casos:

  1. Por el fallecimiento de quien tenga derecho a cobrarla.
  2. En los casos de pensiones de viudedad y otras situaciones determinadas, cuando quien la percibe contrae nuevo matrimonio o constituye una pareja de hecho.

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